Week 9 Refinement for SOI document

Based on the feedback from Sweii, I have make some changes for the content of the SOI document.

1) Suicide Rate in Malaysia

From The Star Article, the suicide rate in Malaysia is keep rising. Health Minister Datuk Seri Liow Tiong Lai said the ratio of suicides from 2007 to 2010 was 1.3 for every 100,000 people.The people that commit suicide was between age 24 to 44. Based on the information of National statistics, the Chinese had the highest number of suicides at 48%, followed by Indians (21%), Malays (18%) and other races (13%).The most common method of suicide was hanging (56.6%) followed by self-poisoning (15.1%), reports the study titled 'Suicide among the the youth in Malaysia.People who find themselves experiencing suicidal thoughts or behaviors may find that they do so as a result of conditions such as depression, hopelessness, severe anxiety, insomnia, or panic attacks.

2) Suffering with Depression 

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide. It is characterised as degeneration from previous function with the presence of psychological complaints such as depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of worthlessness or guilt and recurrent thoughts of death or suicide together with somatic symptoms which include significant weight change, sleep disturbance, physical agitation or retardation, fatigue and inability to concentrate.About 83.04% of the respondents were qualified with a university higher education or continuing the university education. Due to the tough study schedule they face problems like depression and tension.

Majority agree that failure in achievements 618(73.31%) is the main cause among the study related issues followed by examinations 497(58.96%), P=0.053 and projects 321(38.08%).According to the 2011 National Health and Morbidity Survey, 12% of Malaysians aged between 18 and 60 are suffering from some forms of mental illness. The  psychotic illness is mostly happened from years 15 to 24 of males and years  24 to 35 of females.Most of the males start to get mental problems all the time while the illness will appear to a women when they get married.

There are a lot different kind of depression as below:

• Major Depression: This type of clinical Depression is characterized by a severe lack of interest in the things that were once enjoyed, or nonstop feelings of sadness.

• Atypical Depression: Unlike major depression, a common sign of atypical depression is a sense of heaviness in the arms and legs — like a form of paralysis. However, a study published in the Archives of General Psychiatry (now known as JAMA Psychiatry) found that oversleeping and overeating are the two most important symptoms for diagnosing atypical depression.

• Bipolar disorder or manic depressive illness: Also called Manic Depression, bipolar disorder is a type of depression that has either subtle or extreme “high” periods alternating with “low” periods of Depression.

• Dysthymic disorder: This type of Depression is characterized by on-going yet mild symptoms of Depression.

• Cyclothymic disorder: is a relatively mild form of bipolar II disorder characterized by mood swings that may appear to be almost within the normal range of emotions. These mood swings range from mild depression, or dysthymia, to mania of low intensity, or hypomania.

• Psychotic’s depression: a mental state characterized by false beliefs, known as delusions, or false sights or sounds, known as hallucinations — doesn't typically get associated with depression. But according to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, about 20 per cent of people with depression have episodes so severe that they see or hear things that are not really there.

• Premenstrual dysphonic disorder or PMDD: a type of depression that affects women during the second half of their menstrual cycles. Symptoms include depression, anxiety, and mood swings. Unlike premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which affects up to 85 per cent of women and has milder symptoms, PMDD affects about 5 per cent of women and is much more severe.

• Postnatal depression (PND) or Postpartum depression: is a complex mix of physical, emotional, and behavioural changes that occur in a mother after giving birth. It is a serious condition, affecting 10% of new mothers. Symptoms range from mild to severe Depression and may appear within days of delivery or gradually, perhaps up to a year later. Symptoms may last from a few weeks to a year

• Seasonal affective disorder (SAD): This type of depression occurs seasonally and is caused by lack of sunlight. This depression usually starts in early winter and lifts in the spring, and it can be treated with light therapy or artificial light treatment.

• Situational depression: this is about three times more common than major depression, and medications are rarely needed — that's because it tends to clear up over time once the event has ended. However, that doesn't mean it should be ignored: Symptoms of situational depression may include excessive sadness, worry, or nervousness, and if they don't go away, they may become warning signs of major depression.

3)How to help depressed people?
From the explanation of Greogory, M.D, chair of the deparment, it is helpful to remind them that the feeling is temporary and we will be right there with them.

Below is the video that explain how can we help for depression people:

Beside, there are also an article from Fox News mentioned music therapy shows a sense of helpful in treating depression. "Music can change the way you breathe and also can help the brain to calm down" told by Dr. Grail Gross, a human behavior expert. There is also an article from LifeHacker which also mention the ways that music help to cure depression.

1.Music help to work through problem

Music helps you express your emotions. It’s melodic encouragement that helps you let go of suppressed feelings. A study published in the British Journal showed that music is cathartic.

2. Music inspires creativity

Music therapy has specific qualities that allow people to express themselves and interact in a non-verbal way – even in situations when they cannot find the words to describe their inner experiences.

3. Music affects your breathing

Music has the power to speed up your heartbeats or slow down your breathing.Anyone can feel the music. Your foot starts tapping as your body sways from side to side. 

4. Music can reduce blood pressure

Music can alleviate stress, improve athletic performance, improve movement in neurologically impaired patients with stroke or Parkinson’s disease, and even boost milk production in cattle.


5. Music is used to treat addiction

Thamkrabok is a Buddhist temple in Thailand offering free treatment to for addiction. Music plays an important role at the temple because of its therapeutic powers. The monks of Thamkrabok even have their own recording studio. Tim Arnold, the UK musician made a whole album there.

6. Music might prevent suicide

In1997, DMC aka Darrell McDaniels, of Run DMC, was at the top of the charts.Staring at the walls in a cold hotel room, Sarah McLachlan’s song “Angel”came on the radio. It’s hard to believe, but that song changed his suicide plan. He became a huge fan of Sarah McLachlan. Soon after, he found out he was adopted, which gave his life new meaning.

7. Music in the operating room

Nearly 80% of operating room support staff believed music had a positive effect on their work as well.

8. Music reduces pain

Music is a distraction that gives the patient a sense of control. Music causes the body to release endorphins, which counteract pain.

9. Music jars your memory

Handle music with care. Some songs put you in a time machine and set you back to painful times. See how much you have grown and how much better you are doing since leaving those sad times behind you. Leaving those memories allows you to open your heart to new adventures.

In the Science Alert article have stated that the famous mobile game Pokémon Go is reportedly helping people with their depression. 

John M, a psychologist have reported on PsychCentral that the result of people after playing the game.Pokemon Go has motivated users to get up and out of the house and it is a benefit which encouraging user to get moving around. For a people that suffer on depression, the idea of going outside will be helpful for them as to become socialize. The apps have given encouragement for people to search  their neighborhood and capture pokemon at outside.

Reference

Academia.edu. (2016). Reasons for committing suicide in Malaysia society. [online] Available at: https://www.academia.edu/8358369/Reasons_for_committing_suicide_in_Malaysia_society [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Ajpcr.com. (2016). Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research. [online] Available at: http://www.ajpcr.com/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Dr Fir CBT Weblog. (2016). Dr Fir CBT Weblog. [online] Available at: https://drfircbt.files.wordpress.com/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

E-mjm.org. (2016). Index of /2014. [online] Available at: http://www.e-mjm.org/2014/ [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Know, 9., Problem, M., Know, D., Visit, P., Depression, A., Again), B., Month, P. and Down, S. (2016). 9 Depression Types to Know. [online] EverydayHealth.com. Available at: http://www.everydayhealth.com/depression-pictures/different-types-of-depression.aspx#04 [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Lifehack.org. (2016). 9 Ways Music Can Cure Depression, Drug Addiction, and Stop Suicide. [online] Available at: http://www.lifehack.org/articles/featured/9-ways-music-can-cure-depression-drug-addiction-and-stop-suicide.html [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Malaysian Digest. (2016). Suicide Is The 2nd Leading Cause of Death Among Youth - A Closer Look At The Situation In Malaysia. [online] Available at: http://www.malaysiandigest.com/features/568013-suicide-is-the-2nd-leading-cause-of-death-among-youth-a-closer-look-at-the-situation-in-malaysia.html [Accessed 10 Aug. 2016].

MacDonald, F. (2016). Pokémon Go is reportedly helping people with their depression. [online] ScienceAlert. Available at: http://www.sciencealert.com/pokemon-go-is-reportedly-helping-people-with-their-depression [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Ramsadeen, (2016). Music therapy shows promise in treating depression, speech impediments | Fox News. [online] Fox News. Available at: http://www.foxnews.com/health/2016/05/03/music-therapy-shows-promise-in-treating-depression-speech-impediments.html [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

Thestar.com.my. (2012). Suicide rate on the rise in Malaysia - Nation | The Star Online. [online] Available at: http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2012/06/05/suicide-rate-on-the-rise-in-malaysia/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2016].

Thesundaily.my. (2016). 12% Malaysians suffer from some forms of mental illness | theSundaily. [online] Available at: http://www.thesundaily.my/news/297933 [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].

The Huffington Post. (2014). 7 Of The Most Helpful Things You Can Say To Someone With Depression. [online] Available at: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/11/supportive-depression-what-to-say_n_5760916.html [Accessed 11 Aug. 2016].